What do the numbers 6X12, 10X17, 5X11, etc mean?

The numbers represent the size of the case (the outside) of the capacitor in millimeters, i.e. 6X12 means 6mm wide X 12mm tall, 10 X 17 means 10mm wide X 17 mm tall.

How good are these capacitors? Asking anyone who has used them in components or a while (over 6 months)? I see some reviews mention leaking or bulging

I have not had any problems with leakage. Values have been accurate, i precheck every component before i install it. I’m not sure why a capacitor would be bulging, perhaps others are using incorrect values?

What if one explodes? I had a 470 microfarad 16V capacitor explode about 8 inches from my face, so I got a shrapnel wound just above my eyebrow.

Electrolytic capacitors can explode for two main reasons: reverse polarity and over-voltage. Your design should have a voltage safety margin (e.g., 50% above Vpeak) and especially prevent any reverse voltage. Higher voltage or higher capacitance requires a larger physical size, but don't try to use too low a rating to keep your project small.

EEEEE

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